Pret HIV implanti pârbaudîti uz pelçm
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28.09.2019
Ziemeïkarolînas Universitâtes zinâtnieki septiòus gadus strâdâjuði, lai radîtu ilgstoðas iedarbîbas zâïu implantu, kas spçtu kombinçt vairâkas atðíirîgas zâles pret HIV. Raksts par paveiktâ darba rezultâtiem publicçts þurnâlâ Nature Communications.
Ir daudz antiretrovîrusu preparâtu HIV profilaksei un ârstçðanai. Ðo zâïu daþâdas kombinâcijas palîdz vîrusu efektîvi kontrolçt un pârvarçt rezistenci pret atseviðíiem preparâtiem. Tomçr – lai ârstçðana bûtu efektîva, ir jâievçro stingrs zâïu uzòemðanas reþîms. Katra garâm palaista zâïu uzòemðana, katra neuzòemtâ tabletîte samazina profilakses vai ârstçðanâs kursa efektivitâti.
Lai padarîtu vienkârðâku dzîvi HIV pozitîviem cilvçkiem un tiem, kas vçlas izvairîties no ðîs slimîbas, ir izstrâdâts implants, kas nepârtraukti ievada zâles organismâ. Tas sastâv no trim komponentiem: polimçra, ðî polimçra ðíîdinâtâja un paða preparâta. Sâkotnçjais maisîjums ir ðíidrs, taèu pçc injicçðanas zem âdas polimçrs sacietç, tajâ paðâ laikâ saglabâjot pretvîrusa preparâtu, kas nokïûst asinîs.
Lai izpçtîtu izstrâdnes efektivitâti, izvçlçjâs seðus pret HIV preparâtus ar atðíirîgu iedarbîbu. Tie visi labi izðíîda gan sâkotnçjâ maisîjumâ, gan arî sastingstot polimçram. Visi preparâti izdalîjâs no implanta efektîvâ koncentrâcijâ ilgstoðâ laika periodâ: no mçneða lîdz gadam.
Izstrâdni testçja uz imûndeficîtâm pelçm, kurâm zem âdas injicçja sâkotnçjo maisîjumu. Zinâtnieki vairâkus mçneðus novçroja, kâda ir preparâtu koncentrâcija organismâ. Daþas pirmâs dienas pçc implanta ievadîðanas zâïu koncentrâcija grauzçju asinîs strauji samazinâjâs, bet pçc tam stabilizçjâs efektîvâ lîmenî lîdz 12 mçneðiem ilgu laiku. Implants labi darbojâs arî gadîjumos, kad tajâ ievadîja trîs daþâdu preparâtu kombinâciju atðíirîgâ koncentrâcijâ: tie visi difundçja asinîs nepiecieðamajâ daudzumâ.
Ðî implanta svarîga priekðrocîba – ir iespçjams operatîvi un droði to izòemt, lai pârtrauktu preparâta iedarbîbu. Tas ir svarîgi gadîjumos, kad nepiecieðams koriìçt ârstçðanâs shçmu vai pacientam tiek novçrota negatîva reakcija uz zâlçm.
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Source: Nature Communications | «Ultra-long-acting tunable biodegradable and removable controlled release implants for drug delivery» | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12141-5 |
<... Abstract
Here we report an ultra-long-acting tunable, biodegradable, and removable polymer-based delivery system that offers sustained drug delivery for up to one year for HIV treatment or prophylaxis. This robust formulation offers the ability to integrate multiple drugs in a single injection, which is particularly important to address the potential for drug resistance with monotherapy. Six antiretroviral drugs were selected based on their solubility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and relevance as a combination therapy for HIV treatment or prevention. All drugs released with concentrations above their protein-adjusted inhibitory concentration and retained their physical and chemical properties within the formulation and upon release. The versatility of this formulation to integrate multiple drugs and provide sustained plasma concentrations from several weeks to up to one year, combined with its ability to be removed to terminate the treatment if necessary, makes it attractive as a drug delivery platform technology for a wide range of applications. ...>
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