Zinâtnieki terapijas laikâ pacienta organismâ atraduði HIV slçptuves
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23.09.2019
Beïìu zinâtnieki atklâjuði pacienta organismâ vietas, kur slçpjas HIV ârstçðanas kursa laikâ. Kad terapija tiek pârtraukta, vîruss iznâk no slçptuves un atkal nonâk asinîs, izraisot slimîbas saasinâðanos. Zinâtnieku pçtîjuma rezultâti publicçti þurnâlâ Cell Host and Microbe.
Paradoksâli, bet imûnðûnas, kurâm ir jânomâc HIV aktivitâte, vienlaikus atbild par vîrusu rezervuâru veidoðanos. Atklâjuma svarîgâkais aspekts ir tas, ka, novâjinoties imunitâtei, vîrusa izmeðana notiek nevis no viena orgâna vai organisma daïas, bet no visâm organisma sistçmâm.
Tâ ka zinâtnieki ir iemâcîjuðies kontrolçt mirkli, kad vîruss tiek iemests asinîs, tagad viòiem ir vieglâk noteikt rezervuâru atraðanâs vietas, atzîmçts pçtîjuma ziòojumâ.
Iepriekð grupa zinâtnieku no Kanâdas, Ðveices, Lielbritânijas, Krievijas, ASV un Somijas atklâjuði mehânismu, kas HIV padara nekaitîgu. Tas izpauþas tâdçjâdi, ka pretvîrusa organiskie savienojumi, nonâkot organismâ, “izmazgâ” cinku no vîrusa molekulâm un ðâdâ veidâ dezaktivç to.
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Source: Cell Host and Microbe | «HIV Rebound Is Predominantly Fueled by Genetically Identical Viral Expansions from Diverse Reservoirs» | https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/pdfExtended/S1931-3128(19)30368-3 |
<... Highlights
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HIV-1 sequences sampled from different reservoirs were compared to rebound viruses in 11 individuals
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Rebound viruses can originate from various cellular and anatomical compartments
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Cellular proliferation is an important driver of HIV persistence
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Cure strategies should take into account the lack of a prominent HIV rebound origin
Summary
Viral rebound upon stopping combined antiretroviral therapy poses a major barrier toward an HIV cure. Cellular and anatomical sources responsible for reinitiating viral replication remain a subject of ardent debate, despite extensive research efforts. To unravel the source of rebounding viruses, we conducted a large-scale HIV-STAR (HIV-1 sequencing before analytical treatment interruption to identify the anatomically relevant HIV reservoir) clinical trial. We collected samples from 11 participants and compared the genetic composition of (pro)viruses collected under treatment from different cellular and anatomical compartments with that of plasma viruses sampled during analytical treatment interruption. We found a remarkably heterogeneous source of viral rebound. In addition, irrespective of the compartment or cell subset, genetically identical viral expansions played a significant role in viral rebound. Our study suggests that although there does not seem to be a primary source for rebound HIV, cellular proliferation is an important driver of HIV persistence and should therefore be considered in future curative strategies. ....>
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